Bikes

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It's the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world's best riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and MasterMind Turbo Control Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts—4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more, than ever before. And the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it's the ride that matters. Believe it. When nothing but the best will do, the top-shelf S-Works Levo is outfitted SRAM's new XX Transmission drivetrain, feature-packed FOX Factory suspension, and a super-light, super-tough Roval Traverse SL wheelset. -Levo's fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. -The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want. -A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5" wheel in the back and 29" up front delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. -Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style and any terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. Bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. -Levo's 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. -The Levo's S-Sizing is based on what matters—rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride.

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It's the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world's best-riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and MasterMind Turbo Control Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more, than ever before. And the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it's the ride that matters. Believe it. The heavy-hitting Levo Pro delivers unbelievable bang for the buck thanks to SRAMs robust X01 Eagle 12-speed drivetrain, feature-packed FOX Factory suspension, and a hand-built Roval Traverse Carbon wheelset. A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5 wheel in the back and 29 upfront delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style and any terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. Bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. Levos 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response, and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. Levos fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. The Levos S-Sizing is based on what matters, rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride. The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want.

A sneaky ebike that's lightweight, powerful, and has surprising range. All the on-trail traits of a Santa Cruz combined with the FAZUA RIDE 60 drive unit. 150mm of legendary VPP™ suspension, mixed wheels, and progressive geometry make the Heckler SL a natural handling trail bike. Just with the added power of an ebike.

A sneaky ebike that's lightweight, powerful and has surprising range. All the on-trail traits of a Santa Cruz combined with the FAZUA RIDE 60 drive unit. 150mm of legendary VPP™ suspension, mixed wheels, and progressive geometry makes the Heckler SL a natural handling trail bike. Just with the added power of an ebike.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It's the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world's best riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and MasterMind Turbo Control Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts-4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more, than ever before. And the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it's the ride that matters. Believe it. The heavy-hitting Levo Pro delivers unbelievable bang for the buck thanks to SRAM's new robust X0 AXS Transmission 12-speed drivetrain, feature-packed FOX Factory suspension, and a hand-built Roval Traverse Carbon wheelset. - Levo's fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. - The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want. - A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5" wheel in the back and 29" up front delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. - Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style and any terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. Bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. - Levo's 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. - The Levo's S-Sizing is based on what matters-rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride.

The Levo SL delivers unmatched ride quality and capability, amplified. For the trail rider who craves serpentine singletrack, sending it skyward, and lives for advancing your skills and fitness. Meet your new bike, the Levo SL. You’ll be blown away by it’s unmatched combination of flawless handling, capability, and “2 X You” amplification that gives you the Power to Ride More Trails. Compare it to anything out there, with a motor or without, and we know you’ll agree — Levo SL is THE ULTIMATE TRAIL BIKE. IT’S ALL ABOUT THE RIDE — When everything works just right a bike disappears when you ride it. We stripped away the mass to keep the Levo SL lean and responsive. It’s tough enough to withstand heavy abuse, but light enough to nail big moves. Its dialed geometry, kinematics, and shock tuning leave nothing desired. THE FRAME OF REFERENCE — Everything starts here. Lively, precise ride feel. Strategic carbon fiber layup provides super-responsive chassis stiffness. We tuned the entire chassis—front end, rear end, and the link that unifies them—as a single unit to minimize lateral flex under pedaling to harness every bit of pedal force. GEOMETRY OF CONTROL — The cockpit centers you in the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle, and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough while giving you the freedom to destroy the turns. The head angle can be personalized to, 63, 64.25, and 65.5 degrees. LESS IS MORE – The Levo SL is greyhound lean and telepathically responsive. Its curated component selection is light, yet capable—for true trail riding. Put it all together and you get the benefits of amplification along with benchmark handling. MIXED WHEEL — A 29” front wheel ensures stability and surefooted performance in the most hectic terrain, while a 27.5” rear wheel allows for a compact chainstay and super responsive behavior. If you prefer the rolling and traction benefits of a 29” rear wheel, just flip the pivot link chip and mount the big wheel. TURBO OPERATING SYSTEM — Our seamlessly-integrated operating system delivers unmatched performance across torque, range, ride feel, ride quality, power, reliability, and rider experience. It’s the invisible hand that enables you to do more, know more, go farther, feel stronger, and have more fun. SPECIALIZED SL 1.2 MOTOR — The all new Specialized SL 1.2 motor is whisper quiet, boasts unmatched smoothness, delivers 43% more torque (50Nm), and 33% more power (320 Watts) than its predecessor. Resulting in “2x You” performance; it’s you pedaling, but a side of you only a Levo can bring out. GO DEEP RANGE — Levo SL features a premium, high quality, and seamlessly integrated 320Wh battery pack. Combined with the efficient motor, you’re set up for long, epic rides of up to 5 hours (in Eco Mode). For longer rides, just slide our 160 Wh Range Extender (sold separately) into your bottle cage—for 50% more range. MASTERMIND TCU — Our most advanced and intuitive e-bike control unit. Connecting the bike, the Turbo OS, the Specialized app as well as the rider, all in a protected and easily visible display. With MicroTune fine-tuning power output levels in real time is at your fingertips, optimizing range management and performance. SPECIALIZED APP — The Levo SL integrates fully with our Specialized app and lets you personalize your motor characteristics. You can say goodbye to range anxiety with Smart Control, and even thwart would-be thieves with Turbo System Auto-Lock. All new carbon frame, comes in mixed wheel configuration (compatible to 29 rear with no extra parts needed.) New kinematic with flatter leverage curve which provides more support and playfulness off the top, but plenty of control in rougher conditions. The headtube angle and bottom bracket height are both adjustable. New SRAM XO1 Transmission New SRAM Code Silver Stealth Stealth brakes

A sneaky ebike that's lightweight, powerful, and has surprising range. All the on-trail traits of a Santa Cruz combined with the FAZUA RIDE 60 drive unit. 150mm of legendary VPP™ suspension, mixed wheels, and progressive geometry make the Heckler SL a natural handling trail bike. Just with the added power of an ebike.

The Bullit is an electric mountain bike designed for tackling the steepest and deepest of trails in both directions. Imagine the kinds of rooty, rocky, horror fests usually reserved for the biggest-hitting bikes. Then imagine what lies beyond that. The Bullit takes a no limits approach. 170mm travel, a 38mm-diameter fork and DoubleDown tires reflect the smashability of this platform. This is a bike for riders who seek downhill bike trails that are out of range of any chairlift or shuttle road.

The Bullit is an electric mountain bike designed for tackling the steepest and deepest of trails in both directions. Imagine the kinds of rooty, rocky, horror fests usually reserved for the biggest-hitting bikes. Then imagine what lies beyond that. The Bullit takes a no limits approach. 170mm travel, a 38mm-diameter fork and DoubleDown tires reflect the smashability of this platform. This is a bike for riders who seek downhill bike trails that are out of range of any chairlift or shuttle road.

WELCOME TO THE E-VOLUTION Introducing the new Fluid VLT; premium ride performance in a lightweight package for an e-MTB that looks, feels and rides exactly like you want it to. LIGHT WEIGHT CAPABILITY AND FULL SPEED FUN. With 130mm of custom-tuned, precision-engineered suspension travel and 140mm fork travel, the Fluid VLT C1 130 delivers an improved ride feel with the latest in integrated e-mtb technology from Bosch. THE LATEST IN E-MTB TECH The Bosch Performance Line SX wireless ecosystem sheds significant e-MTB weight in an intuitive package. Complete with a Bosch CT 400Wh battery and an almost silent motor, the Fluid VLT is made for e-curious pedal purists taking their first foray into powered up riding. PRECISION-TUNED SUSPENSION Optimized Ride AlignedTM suspension design & setup with Trail optimized kinematics, reactive pedal-efficiency, and the simplicity of precision-tuned Horst Link suspension. AVAILABLE IN CARBON The Fluid VLT is available in carbon fiber and includes a carbon front triangle and seatstay, or alloy rear triangle depending on price point. METICULOUSLY SELECTED COMPONENTS Featuring uncompromising, meticulously selected, trail-spec components. Available in gram focused 130/140mm and all-in 140/150mm travel options. BUILT TO ACCOMMODATE RIDER PREFERENCE Available in 29”/27.5” mixed wheelsize with 140/130mm or 150/140mm of travel. RIDE ALIGNEDTM SETUP GUIDE SUSPENSION SET UP DEMYSTIFIED Norco’s NEW 2024 Ride Aligned Setup Guide with baked-in Setup Assistant provides a personalized setup baseline, unique to you and your bike without hours of fussing. It’s like having one of our engineers on call 24/7, as you tweak your settings to perfection. Even if you are a shock pump novice, the Ride Aligned Setup Guide will have you confidently dialing in your settings for the best day of riding, every day BUILT TO LAST, GUARANTEED. NO OTHER WAY LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY The Fluid VLT’s durable frame design, hardware and component decisions have been made specifically to keep it on the trail for longer. Accidents can happen, and when they do, our No Other Way Limited Lifetime Guarantee is our promise to get you back on the trail as soon as possible.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

On and on and on and on... Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about ebikes. He's infatuated with them. In fact, the only time he's not chewing someone's ear off about how good they are is when he's riding them. And when he's riding an ebike he rides and rides and rides. Which is partly why we've made the newest Heckler able to go further, higher, faster and be funner. The latest generation of the Heckler has a larger interchangeable battery (720Wh up from 504Wh), which allows riders to expand their own trail map - accessing previously unreachable trails, unlocking less-used trails and cramming more into less time. The new Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options. Wheel size isn't the only option for riders. There's a full size range of both from medium to XXL, with the small size frame having dual 27.5 wheels. The thing that sets our ebikes apart from the pack is the on-trail manners of the bike. We sweat the carbon layup and frame design so it's tough enough to handle the sheer quantity of riding ebikes allow. There's no corners cut in the componentry so your only concern is not getting lost rather than being stuck with a mechanical. The geometry has been honed from a lot of testing and feedback in order to make the ride fun whether going up or down. And finally, the legendary VPP suspension has been tuned precisely for ebike use. 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) seems to be the sweet spot for a bike intended to tame big trails on big days, with slightly less anti-squat to give it glue-like traction on the climbs you'll be testing yourself on. The only thing we've yet to figure out is how to get Danny into a 12-step ebike recovery program.

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It's the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world's best-riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and MasterMind Turbo Control Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts 4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more than ever before. And, the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it's the ride that matters. Believe it. Here's where the gloves come off the Levo Expert brings it with SRAMs robust X01 Eagle 12-speed drivetrain, dialed-in FOX Performance Elite suspension, and a high-performing Roval Traverse wheelset. A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5 wheel in the back and 29 upfront delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style and any terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. The bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. Levos 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response, and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. Levos fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. The Levos S-Sizing is based on what matters, rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride. The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want.

The Levo SL delivers unmatched ride quality and capability, amplified. For the trail rider who craves serpentine singletrack, sending it skyward, and lives for advancing your skills and fitness. Meet your new bike, the Levo SL. You'll be blown away by it's unmatched combination of flawless handling, capability, and "2 X You" amplification that gives you the Power to Ride More Trails. Compare it to anything out there, with a motor or without, and we know you'll agree — Levo SL is THE ULTIMATE TRAIL BIKE. IT'S ALL ABOUT THE RIDE — When everything works just right a bike disappears when you ride it. We stripped away the mass to keep the Levo SL lean and responsive. It's tough enough to withstand heavy abuse, but light enough to nail big moves. Its dialed geometry, kinematics, and shock tuning leave nothing desired. THE FRAME OF REFERENCE — Everything starts here. Lively, precise ride feel. Strategic carbon fiber layup provides super-responsive chassis stiffness. We tuned the entire chassis—front end, rear end, and the link that unifies them—as a single unit to minimize lateral flex under pedaling to harness every bit of pedal force. GEOMETRY OF CONTROL — The cockpit centers you in the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle, and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough while giving you the freedom to destroy the turns. The head angle can be personalized to, 63, 64.25, and 65.5 degrees. LESS IS MORE – The Levo SL is greyhound lean and telepathically responsive. Its curated component selection is light, yet capable—for true trail riding. Put it all together and you get the benefits of amplification along with benchmark handling. MIXED WHEEL — A 29" front wheel ensures stability and surefooted performance in the most hectic terrain, while a 27.5" rear wheel allows for a compact chainstay and super responsive behavior. If you prefer the rolling and traction benefits of a 29" rear wheel, just flip the pivot link chip and mount the big wheel. TURBO OPERATING SYSTEM — Our seamlessly integrated operating system delivers unmatched performance across torque, range, ride feel, ride quality, power, reliability, and rider experience. It's the invisible hand that enables you to do more, know more, go farther, feel stronger, and have more fun. SPECIALIZED SL 1.2 MOTOR — The all new Specialized SL 1.2 motor is whisper quiet, boasts unmatched smoothness, delivers 43% more torque (50Nm), and 33% more power (320 Watts) than its predecessor. Resulting in "2x You" performance; it's you pedaling, but a side of you only a Levo can bring out. GO DEEP RANGE — Levo SL features a premium, high-quality, and seamlessly integrated 320Wh battery pack. Combined with the efficient motor, you're set up for long, epic rides of up to 5 hours (in Eco Mode). For longer rides, just slide our 160 Wh Range Extender (sold separately) into your bottle cage—for 50% more range. MASTERMIND TCU — Our most advanced and intuitive e-bike control unit. Connecting the bike, the Turbo OS, the Specialized app as well as the rider, all in a protected and easily visible display. With MicroTune fine-tuning power output levels in real-time is at your fingertips, optimizing range management and performance. SPECIALIZED APP — The Levo SL integrates fully with our Specialized app and lets you personalize your motor characteristics. You can say goodbye to range anxiety with Smart Control, and even thwart would-be thieves with Turbo System Auto-Lock. - All new carbon frame, comes in mixed wheel configuration (compatible to 29 rear with no extra parts needed.) New kinematic with flatter leverage curve which provides more support and playfulness off the top, but plenty of control in rougher conditions. The headtube angle and bottom bracket height are both adjustable. - New SRAM GX Eagle Transmission - New SRAM Code Stealth Silver brakes

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It’s the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world’s best riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and MasterMind Turbo Control Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts—4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more, than ever before. And the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it’s the ride that matters. Believe it. Here’re where the gloves come off—the Levo Expert brings it with SRAM’s expansive GX Eagle 12-speed drivetrain, dialed-in FOX Performance Elite suspension, and a high-performing Roval Traverse wheelset. - Levo’s fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. - The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want. - A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5” wheel in the back and 29” up front delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. - Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style andany terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. Bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. - Levo’s 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. - The Levo’s S-Sizing is based on what matters—rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride.

WELCOME TO THE E-VOLUTION Introducing the new Fluid VLT; premium ride performance in a lightweight package for an e-MTB that looks, feels and rides exactly like you want it to. LIGHT WEIGHT CAPABILITY AND FULL SPEED FUN. With 140mm of custom-tuned, precision-engineered suspension travel and 150mm fork travel, the Fluid VLT C1 140 delivers an improved ride feel with the latest in integrated e-mtb technology from Bosch. THE LATEST IN E-MTB TECH The Bosch Performance Line SX wireless ecosystem sheds significant e-MTB weight in an intuitive package. Complete with a Bosch CT 400Wh battery and an almost silent motor, the Fluid VLT is made for e-curious pedal purists taking their first foray into powered up riding. PRECISION-TUNED SUSPENSION Optimized Ride AlignedTM suspension design & setup with Trail optimized kinematics, reactive pedal-efficiency, and the simplicity of precision-tuned Horst Link suspension. AVAILABLE IN CARBON The Fluid VLT is available in carbon fiber and includes a carbon front triangle and seatstay, or alloy rear triangle depending on price point. METICULOUSLY SELECTED COMPONENTS Featuring uncompromising, meticulously selected, trail-spec components. Available in gram focused 130/140mm and all-in 140/150mm travel options. BUILT TO ACCOMMODATE RIDER PREFERENCE Available in 29”/27.5” mixed wheelsize with 140/130mm or 150/140mm of travel. RIDE ALIGNEDTM SETUP GUIDE SUSPENSION SET UP DEMYSTIFIED Norco’s NEW 2024 Ride Aligned Setup Guide with baked-in Setup Assistant provides a personalized setup baseline, unique to you and your bike without hours of fussing. It’s like having one of our engineers on call 24/7, as you tweak your settings to perfection. Even if you are a shock pump novice, the Ride Aligned Setup Guide will have you confidently dialing in your settings for the best day of riding, every day BUILT TO LAST, GUARANTEED. NO OTHER WAY LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY The Fluid VLT’s durable frame design, hardware and component decisions have been made specifically to keep it on the trail for longer. Accidents can happen, and when they do, our No Other Way Limited Lifetime Guarantee is our promise to get you back on the trail as soon as possible. SUSPENSION SET UP DEMYSTIFIED Norco's NEW 2024 Ride Aligned Setup Guide with baked-in Setup Assistant provides a personalized setup baseline, unique to you and your bike without hours of fussing. It's like having one of our engineers on call 24/7, as you tweak your settings to perfection. Even if you are a shock pump novice, the Ride Aligned Setup Guide will have you confidently dialing in your settings for the best day of riding, every day

For those who seek diverse technical trails, up and down, with a need for unwavering confidence and an unmatched eMTB performance. A full-power, all-mountain machine that allows you to dig deeper, commit harder, and climb higher than ever. Sight VLT eliminates the downside to going up - crush every technical climb and traverse every trail; tackle your own epic excursion through the backwoods. Geometry Confidence-inducing ride performance in stable all-mountain geometry. Featuring size-specific rear-centres & seat tube angles, integrating mixed 29”/27.5” wheel sizes across all five frame sizes for weight balance and handling. Fit For Your Ride Dialled kinematics with VPSHP suspension design and dependable Ride Aligned™ setup guide give an unbeatable ride feel that keeps you going through even the toughest terrain. Reactive pedal-efficiency and stability make your ride feel good wherever you venture. New Technology Dialled kinematics with VPSHP suspension design and dependable Ride Aligned™ setup guide give an unbeatable ride feel that keeps you going through even the toughest terrain. Reactive pedal-efficiency and stability make your ride feel good wherever you venture. The Bosch eBike Flow App, custom for Norco, connects to the drive unit, battery, display, and control unit to help you determine your optimum level of assist and range. Customize each ride mode to your preference, torque, speed, dynamic output, and assist level. Updates are conveniently installed via Bluetooth, keeping your bike up to date with new functions

The Bullit is an electric mountain bike designed for tackling the steepest and deepest of trails in both directions. Imagine the kinds of rooty, rocky, horror fests usually reserved for the biggest-hitting bikes. Then imagine what lies beyond that. A full-power Shimano drive unit, 630 Wh battery, 170mm VPP™ travel, a 38mm-diameter fork, and DoubleDown tires give the Bullit a no-limits approach. This is a bike for riders who seek downhill bike trails that are out of range of any chairlift or shuttle road. This is a bike for riders who seek downhill bike trails that are out of range of any chairlift or shuttle road. Design Details: - Mix of Both Worlds The mixed wheel configuration of a 29-inch wheel up front provides traction and stability, while the 27.5" rear wheel keeps agility at hand and the chainstay length in check. - 170mm VPP Travel 170mm travel front and rear, a burly 38mm diameter fork, and DoubleDown tires reflect the smashability of this platform. - Full CC Carbon Frame Other bikes in this category rarely adopt carbon because few companies have mastered carbon manufacturing. Our carbon frames are designed in our Carbon Lab in California, made in our own facility by our team, and have a lifetime warranty. - Santa Cruz Carbon Di2 Bar There's nothing worse than an untidy cockpit. Our own bar hides the extra cables of the Shimano STEPS system, keeping things clean and hassle-free. - Shimano STEPS EP8 Motor and 630Wh Battery More power, less weight, even more efficiency, and the biggest battery Shimano offers. - Quality, Strength, Reliability The legendary Santa Cruz fit, finish, and quality construction make this long-range hauler tough enough to handle anything. The frame, linkages, and optional Reserve wheels come with a lifetime warranty.

A sneaky ebike that's lightweight, powerful and has surprising range. All the on-trail traits of a Santa Cruz combined with the FAZUA RIDE 60 drive unit. 150mm of legendary VPP™ suspension, mixed wheels, and progressive geometry makes the Heckler SL a natural handling trail bike. Just with the added power of an ebike.

Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about riding e-bikes. And when he's riding he goes and goes and goes. This is partly why we've made the Heckler go further, higher, and faster. The Heckler has a huge interchangeable battery (720Wh), which allows riders to access previously unreachable trails, unlock less-used trails, and cram more into less time. The 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) of VPP™ suspension has been tuned to tame big trails on big descents and provide glue-like traction on the climbs. The Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options and a full range of frame sizes from small to XXL. Design Details: - Full carbon CC frame Carbon CC frames use the very best materials and production processes available, are made in our own factory, and have a lifetime warranty. - Interchangeable 720Wh battery The battery is fully removable/replaceable which means carrying a spare for ultra range or charging the battery away from the bike is possible. - Shimano EP8 motor The new Shimano EP8 motor is lighter, more powerful, and more efficient. All this means it's even more capable of tackling longer, tougher rides. - Coil and water compatibility The option to run large body shocks (like a coil) and still fit a water bottle in the front triangle. - Made to last many lifetimes The legendary Santa Cruz fit, finish, and quality construction put this into a league of its own. The frame, bearings, and optional Reserve wheels come with a lifetime warranty and any service is easy to do with our Rider Support pledge. - Details matter The details are completed by a neat mud flap to protect the rear shock plus tidy cable routing within the frame and swingarm, and rubberized DT protectors to shrug off strikes. - Geo The latest Heckler gets a longer reach and slacker headtube angle than previous generations. A 445mm rear center blends climbing traction and downhill composure. - Full size range from S to XXL Both 29 and MX versions are available in M-XXL frame sizes. The Small frame comes with 27.5" wheels only.

Danny MacAskill just doesn't stop talking about riding e-bikes. And when he's riding he goes and goes and goes. This is partly why we've made the Heckler go further, higher, and faster. The Heckler has a huge interchangeable battery (720Wh), which allows riders to access previously unreachable trails, unlock less-used trails, and cram more into less time. The 150mm rear travel (with 160mm travel fork up front) of VPP™ suspension has been tuned to tame big trails on big descents and provide glue-like traction on the climbs. The Heckler has both mixed or dual 29-inch wheel size options and a full range of frame sizes from small to XXL. Design Details: - Full carbon CC frame Carbon CC frames use the very best materials and production processes available, are made in our own factory, and have a lifetime warranty. - Interchangeable 720Wh battery The battery is fully removable/replaceable which means carrying a spare for ultra range or charging the battery away from the bike is possible. - Shimano EP8 motor The new Shimano EP8 motor is lighter, more powerful, and more efficient. All this means it's even more capable of tackling longer, tougher rides. - Coil and water compatibility The option to run large body shocks (like a coil) and still fit a water bottle in the front triangle. - Made to last many lifetimes The legendary Santa Cruz fit, finish, and quality construction put this into a league of its own. The frame, bearings, and optional Reserve wheels come with a lifetime warranty and any service is easy to do with our Rider Support pledge. - Details matter The details are completed by a neat mud flap to protect the rear shock plus tidy cable routing within the frame and swingarm, and rubberized DT protectors to shrug off strikes. - Geo The latest Heckler gets a longer reach and slacker headtube angle than previous generations. A 445mm rear center blends climbing traction and downhill composure. - Full size range from S to XXL Both 29 and MX versions are available in M-XXL frame sizes. The Small frame comes with 27.5" wheels only.

The all-new Levo delivers the unbelievable power to ride more trails through an unequaled combination of ride quality, usable power, and ride anywhere range. It's the distillation, application, and amplification of a 40-year obsession with creating the world's best riding mountain bikes. Since its introduction, Levo has set the bar every other e-MTB aims for, and the new Levo raises that bar again. It starts with our Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor and Turbo Connect Unit (TCU), which provide Levo with a smooth and seamless amplification of your efforts-4x you power that lets you choose where to ride, and when you want to do it. Levo also shatters limitations when it comes to range, amplifying your effort for up to five hours of trail time. Now you can ride farther, and explore more, than ever before. And the optimized chassis boasts 150mm of custom-tuned rear suspension and adjustable geometry that delivers a stable and natural ride like no other. Because at the end of the day, it's the ride that matters. Believe it. More climbing, more descending, more miles, more fun. Spec'd with a no-fuss SRAM GX/NX drivetrain, trail-taming RockShox suspension, and a lightweight, durable alloy wheelset, the all-new Turbo Levo delivers more of everything that you love about trail riding. - Levo's fully integrated Turbo Full Power 2.2 motor, 700Wh battery, and advanced MasterMind Turbo Control Unit deliver category-leading 90 Nm of torque and 565 watts of power for up to five hours of ride time, empowering you to ride farther and faster than ever before. - The MasterMind Turbo Control Unit is your information hub with customizable display fields, including the exact percentage of battery level, and it features our all-new MicroTune function to adjust power delivery in 10% increments, so you get exactly the support you need to experience precisely the ride you want. - A dedicated mixed-wheel size design with a 27.5" wheel in the back and 29" up front delivers a nimble ride that carves circles around other full-power e-MTBs. A generous cockpit centers you on the bike, optimizing traction and corner control. The low bottom bracket, slack headtube angle and reduced fork offset keep things stable in the rough. - Levo offers six distinct geometry settings, allowing you to easily dial-in its performance for any riding style andany terrain. Head tube angle can be adjusted between 63- and 65.5-degrees. Bottom bracket height can be fine-tuned up or down by 7mm. - Levo's 150mm of rear travel is supple on small bumps, devours square-edged hits without a twitch, eats massive G-outs for breakfast, yet still offers amazing pedal response and delivers your power to the ground with total efficiency. - The Levo's S-Sizing is based on what matters-rider size and style, not inseam. Six sizes, all with similar headtube lengths and standover, allow you to choose the size that best suits your individual style. Smaller S-Size numbers are going to be nimble and more flickable, while bigger S-Sizes deliver more stability and a roomier ride.

VLT batteries are sold separately. When purchasing this bike, make sure you have added the bike and your choice of battery to your shopping cart before you check out. Bike orders cannot be fulfilled without a battery. The Range VLT C1 is a carbon electric Enduro bike that climbs faster than a World Cup XC pro and tackles Big Mountain and Enduro rides with all the confidence and capability the backwoods of British Columbia demand. Featuring the latest E-MTB technology and unmistakable Norco character, the 180mm front and 170mm rear travel Range VLT screams descents, rails corners, and climbs faster than a World Cup XC racer. BIG MOUNTAIN PERFORMANCE AND GEN 3 VLT TECHNOLOGY. The Range VLT dials-up your ride with the lightweight, whisper-quiet Shimano EP8 drive system's customizable torque and efficiency. Shimano's EP8 drive system combines high-torque electric assist with your choice of a 540Wh, 720Wh, or 900Wh in-tube batteries. CHOOSE YOUR JUICE Determine how far and how fast you want to ride. Custom-select your battery capacity from 540Wh, 720Wh, or the massive and industry-leading 900Wh, depending on how you ride—lighter weight for speedy laps, mammoth range for epic adventures, or somewhere in between. REMOVABLE BATTERY All batteries can be installed in minutes with one tool. Batteries are encased within the downtube for protection and can be easily removed for charging on and off the bike or for easy swaps. ELECTRIC SPEC Robust components for performance and durability. E-certified forks and robust 29" wheels with grippy tires and supportive sidewalls take on the rigors of electric Big Mountain and Enduro riding. RIDE ALIGNED Align with your ride experience like never before. The Range VLT is designed with Norco's exclusive Ride Aligned Design System to create rider-first geometry and precision suspension kinematics. Custom fit and tuning with the Ride Aligned Setup Guide provides unparalleled, personalized performance from day one.

Meet the Range VLT, with 180/170 mm of travel, made for riders who are into tackling rowdy terrain and then taking it up another notch into absolute beast mode. Whether riding up or down, the all-day battery means you don’t need to pick one trail; you can take them all. Range VLT shatters the standard e-MTB mold, poised to take you anywhere and everywhere. The fully integrated Bosch Performance Line CX Smart System is compact yet powerful, boasting 85Nm of torque and a 750Wh long-distance battery. With this combination of power and endurance, the Range VLT sets a new standard for capability, allowing you to tackle long distances and descend with confidence. Geometry Confidence upfront, paired with control to switch direction like never before. The geometry features size-specific rear centers, ensuring no compromise on kinematics. By incorporating size-specific chainstay lengths on the Range VLT frame and integrating mixed wheel sizes across all five frame sizes, weight balance and handling are optimized. Suspension The Range VLT places a priority on balance, providing riders with the confidence to push hard and trust the bike. Featuring an increased rearward axle path and an idler, the innovative VPSHP suspension layout is perfectly suited for more demanding terrain and riders seeking a bike that instills confidence as trails become more intense. New Technology The Bosch eBike Flow App, tailored specifically for Norco, seamlessly connects to the drive unit, battery, display, and control unit, assisting you in determining your optimal level of assist and range. Customize every ride mode to suit your preferences, adjusting torque, speed, dynamic output, and assist level as needed. Updates are effortlessly installed via Bluetooth, ensuring your bike remains up-to-date with new functions and features. VPShp Suspension Platform Designed around Norco’s VPSHP (Virtual Pivot Suspension | High Pivot) suspension layout, it increases rearward axle path to improve suspension performance in technical terrain, while retaining the dynamic and responsive feel that riders expect. Through extensive testing using an i-track configured idler location, anti-squat has been tuned for e?ciency and responsive feel under power. The idler mounted to the chainstay manages chain growth and pedal-kickback.

VLT batteries are sold separately. When purchasing this bike, make sure you have added the bike and your choice of battery to your shopping cart before you check out. Bike orders cannot be fulfilled without a battery. The Sight VLT C1 is a carbon electric All-Mountain bike with Norco's legendary descending capability, quick and confident climbing, and the boost you want to ride faster and further. With performance and character engineered in the backwoods of British Columbia, the new 160mm front and 150mm rear travel Sight VLT shreds more and rides longer. The Sight VLT gives you more ups, more downs, and more of everything else you love about riding All-Mountain. BEST-IN-CLASS SHIMANO STEPS DRIVE SYSTEM The Sight VLT dials-up your ride with the lightweight, whisper-quiet Shimano EP8 drive system's customizable torque and efficiency. Shimano's EP8 drive system combines high-torque electric assist with your choice of a 540Wh, 720Wh or 900Wh in-tube batteries. CHOOSE YOUR JUICE Determine how far and how fast you want to ride. Custom select your battery capacity from 540Wh, 720Wh, or the massive and industry-leading 900Wh, depending on how you ride—lighter weight for speedy laps, mammoth range for epic adventures, or somewhere in between. REMOVABLE BATTERY All batteries can be installed in minutes with one tool. Batteries are encased within the downtube for protection and can be easily removed for charging on and off the bike or for easy swaps. ELECTRIC SPEC Robust components for performance and durability. E-certified forks and robust 29" wheels with grippy tires and supportive sidewalls take on the rigors of electric Big Mountain and Enduro riding. RIDE ALIGNED Align with your ride experience like never before. The Sight VLT is designed with Norco's exclusive Ride Aligned Design System to create rider-first geometry and precision suspension kinematics. Custom fit and tuning with the Ride Aligned Setup Guide provides unparalleled, personalized performance from day one.

What goes up, loves coming down The Bullit is an electric mountain bike designed for tackling the steepest and deepest of TRs in both directions. Imagine the kinds of rooty, rocky, horror fests usually reserved for the biggest-hitting bikes. Then imagine what lies beyond that. The Bullit takes a no limits approach. 170mm travel, a 38mm-diameter fork, and DoubleDown tires reflect the smashability of this platform. This is a bike for riders who seek downhill bike TRs that are out of range of any chairlift or shuttle road. SRAM Eagle Transmission - stronger, better shifting, wirelessly The next generation SRAM Eagle Transmission specced on our CC-carbon models is a radically robust, fully integrated and interdependent wireless transmission. Built around the universal constant of the wheel axle itself, the Full Mount hangerless attachment creates a far stronger connection to the frame and the super strong derailleur provides unprecedented strength. Shifting under load is made possible due to a combination of X-SYNC technology and cassette mapping, creating seamless shifts even during your hardest power output. The new AXS Pods are extremely ergonomic and highly customizable, so shifting gears is light and intuitive. It's simply the most advanced transmission and nearly as tough as the mountain itself.